What to know about diabetic foot ulcer in people with diabetes

An ulcer can begin with a blister, cut, crack, burn, pressure spot, or area of thick skin. Nerve damage may reduce pain or temperature sensation, while reduced blood flow can limit healing. Look for broken skin, redness, swelling, warmth, drainage, odour, a colour change, or a new area of pressure. A foot can be seriously injured even when it does not hurt, so appearance and change from usual are important.

Inspect both feet every day, including between the toes and the soles, using a mirror or another person when needed. Wash gently, dry carefully, moisturise dry skin without putting cream between the toes, and wear well-fitting footwear and clean socks. Do not walk barefoot or cut corns and calluses yourself. Keep blood glucose within the range agreed with your care team, and arrange assessment for any break in the skin rather than covering it and waiting.

Contact a clinician promptly for any new ulcer, blister, wound, spreading redness, swelling, warmth, drainage, or blackened skin. Seek emergency help for fever, severe illness, rapidly worsening redness, confusion, or a foot that becomes suddenly cold, pale, blue, or very painful. Avoid putting weight on a painful or damaged area until you receive advice.

Ask how often your feet should be examined, whether you have reduced sensation or circulation, and which footwear is suitable. Discuss wound dressings, pressure relief, glucose targets, podiatry support, and the exact symptoms that should prompt same-day or emergency care.