What to expect from topical corticosteroids for insect bites

An insect bite can trigger a local inflammatory response with redness, a raised bump and itching. A topical corticosteroid dampens that inflammation; it does not neutralise venom, remove a retained object or treat an infection. Some people develop repeated itchy bumps after bites, and scratching can break the skin and introduce bacteria. The product selected depends on the body site, the appearance of the reaction and whether the skin is intact.

Apply only as directed to clean, dry, intact skin, and keep it away from the eyes and mouth. A cool compress may soothe the area, while covering the bite lightly can reduce scratching. Do not scratch, squeeze or tightly cover a swollen site. Check the area as it changes: itch that eases is reassuring, but increasing tenderness, warmth, drainage or expanding redness should not be masked with continued self-treatment.

Seek urgent help for trouble breathing, swelling of the lips or tongue, faintness or a rapidly widespread reaction. Arrange prompt medical care for severe pain, pus, fever, red streaking, rapidly expanding swelling or a bite near the eye. A reaction that remains troublesome, repeatedly returns or follows a possible tick or venomous bite should be assessed rather than treated indefinitely at home.

Ask whether the lesion looks like a simple bite reaction, which strength and formulation to use, and when to stop. Ask what changes suggest infection or allergy and whether you need advice about preventing further bites.