What to expect from radiotherapy for vaginal cancer

External radiotherapy is delivered by a machine aimed at the planned area. Internal radiotherapy, sometimes called brachytherapy, places a radiation source in or near the vagina for a planned period. Your team explains positioning, privacy and what to expect before either approach. Imaging and planning help shape treatment around nearby organs.

During or after treatment, the vaginal tissues may feel tender, dry or irritated. Passing urine may sting, and bowel movements may become looser or more frequent if nearby bowel receives radiation. Fatigue and skin sensitivity in the treated area are also possible. Symptoms vary with the treatment field and whether other cancer treatments are given.

Ask your team how to wash the treated skin and which creams or products are suitable. Wear loose, breathable clothing, keep the area gently clean and avoid applying unapproved products before a session. Drink enough to support hydration unless your clinician has given different advice, and choose easy-to-digest foods if bowel symptoms appear.

Discuss sexual health, vaginal care and fertility concerns before treatment begins. If a dilator is recommended, ask for a demonstration and follow the schedule provided. Keep a short record of bowel, bladder, bleeding and pain changes so your team can adjust support.

Call your care team promptly for heavy or persistent bleeding, worsening pelvic pain, inability to pass urine, repeated vomiting, severe diarrhoea, or fever with feeling unwell. Seek urgent help for fainting, breathing difficulty or bleeding that does not settle. Early advice can prevent dehydration and help manage irritation.

Ask whether your plan includes external radiotherapy, brachytherapy or both; how treatment may affect bowel and bladder function; and which vaginal-care instructions apply. Ask who will support sexual wellbeing, fertility or menopause concerns, and which symptoms need a same-day call.