What to expect from pelvic ultrasound for ovarian cancer

A sonographer uses a probe to view the uterus, ovaries and nearby pelvic structures. The images can show the size and appearance of an ovarian cyst or mass, whether it is fluid-filled or solid, and features that need closer assessment. An abnormal scan has several possible explanations and is interpreted alongside symptoms, examination and other tests.

Some examinations use an abdominal probe over gelled skin; others use a covered vaginal probe when clinically suitable. The clinician should explain the approach and you can discuss discomfort, privacy or alternative arrangements before the scan.

Follow the imaging centre's instructions about drinking water or emptying your bladder, because preparation varies with the type of scan. Wear clothing that allows access to the abdomen or pelvis and tell staff if you may be pregnant, have pelvic pain or need extra support.

The scan usually involves lying still while images are recorded. You may feel pressure from the probe or a full bladder. Ask for a pause if you are uncomfortable. The sonographer may not be able to explain the result during the examination; a radiologist or specialist will review the images and arrange the report.

Pelvic ultrasound is generally an outpatient examination. Contact the service if you have unexpected bleeding, increasing pelvic pain, fever or feel unwell afterwards, especially after an internal examination. Ask when and how you will receive the report and who will explain any next step.

Seek urgent care for severe sudden pelvic pain, fainting, heavy bleeding or difficulty breathing. The scan itself cannot determine the full cause of every pelvic finding, so attend the follow-up arranged by your clinician.

Ask which type of pelvic ultrasound is planned, how to prepare your bladder, what the scan is looking for, when the report will be available, and whether blood tests, repeat imaging or tissue sampling may be needed. Ask who will discuss the result with you.