What to expect from osteotomy for knee osteoarthritis

Knee osteoarthritis can affect one side of the joint more than another. During an osteotomy, the surgeon makes a planned cut in the shinbone or thighbone and changes its angle. This can reduce pressure on the painful compartment while preserving the rest of the joint.

Plates, screws or another device hold the bone in its new position. Pain and swelling are expected early on, and the knee may feel stiff. The operation is not a replacement joint, and the likely benefit depends on alignment, cartilage damage, activity and overall health.

Arrange help at home, practise with crutches if advised, and prepare a safe route without loose rugs or clutter. Follow the hospital's instructions for fasting, medicines and bathing. Keep the incision protected and attend imaging or review appointments.

Physiotherapy usually builds from knee movement and thigh activation to strength, balance and walking. Respect weight-bearing limits even if pain improves quickly. Driving, work, cycling and impact sports should be discussed individually because braking, swelling and bone healing affect readiness.

Report fever, spreading redness, wound drainage, increasing pain, marked calf swelling or new difficulty moving the foot. Get emergency help for chest pain, sudden breathlessness, collapse, or a foot that is cold, pale or numb.

Ask which knee compartment is being unloaded, where the bone cut will be made, what fixation will be used, when weight-bearing can increase, and what alternatives fit your pattern of arthritis.