What to expect from joint fusion surgery for hallux rigidus

Hallux rigidus affects movement at the joint where the big toe meets the foot. During fusion, the surgeon removes damaged cartilage and fixes the bones in a functional position so they heal together. This removes painful movement at that joint, while the toe remains useful for standing and push-off through the rest of the foot. The toe will not bend through that fused joint, so shoe choice and walking mechanics should be discussed beforehand.

Arrange transport and help at home, and prepare footwear or a surgical sandal recommended by your team. Keep the foot elevated to control swelling, protect the dressing, and use crutches or another aid as instructed. Avoid pressing on the front of the foot until cleared. Attend wound and imaging reviews; return to wider shoes and normal activity gradually, following advice based on healing rather than comfort alone.

Call the surgical team if the wound becomes increasingly red, warm, painful, or wet, or if the dressing rubs the toe. Seek urgent help for a blue, pale, cold, or numb toe, severe swelling, chest pain, or sudden breathlessness. A new fever with worsening wound pain also needs prompt review.

Ask how the toe will be positioned, how long you must protect it, when you may drive or work, and which shoes are realistic after healing. Clarify wound care, exercises for the rest of the foot, and how delayed bone healing would be managed.