What is the first treatment for heat exhaustion?

Heat exhaustion develops when heat exposure and fluid loss make it difficult for the body to cool itself. Common features include heavy sweating, weakness, dizziness, headache, nausea, muscle cramps and cool, clammy skin. Resting in shade or air conditioning, loosening clothing and applying cool wet cloths can reduce heat load. An alert person who can swallow may need oral rehydration therapy or other suitable fluids.

Stop exertion and move the person away from heat. Help them lie or sit comfortably, loosen extra clothing and cool the skin with wet cloths or a fan. Offer small, frequent sips if they are awake and not vomiting. Do not force drinks into someone who is drowsy, confused or unable to swallow. Medical staff may use IV fluid therapy when oral fluids are not suitable or fluid loss is significant.

Call emergency services for confusion, seizure, fainting, loss of consciousness, very hot skin, severe weakness or suspected heatstroke. Get medical advice if symptoms do not improve promptly after cooling and fluids, or if vomiting prevents drinking. Keep checking breathing and responsiveness while waiting for help.

Ask which drinks are appropriate, when normal activity can resume, how to prevent another episode, and which symptoms mean you should attend urgent care rather than continue home treatment.