What Is Next-Generation Sequencing Used For?

A laboratory analyses DNA or RNA from a blood sample, saliva, or a tumour sample. Unlike a test focused on one change, sequencing can examine a selected group of genes or a broader genetic set in the same laboratory process.

Results may help identify an inherited variant, a change in cancer cells, or a finding with uncertain meaning. In oncology, a tumour result can support treatment discussions, but it does not by itself diagnose every cancer or predict exactly how an individual will respond.

Ask whether the sample is intended to look for inherited changes, tumour changes, or both. Confirm how results and uncertain findings will be explained, whether a relative could be affected by an inherited result, and whether genetic counselling is available.

Bring relevant family and personal medical history to the appointment. If a tumour sample is used, ask whether enough tissue is available and whether another sample could be needed. Keep the laboratory report for future consultations.

Sequencing is not an emergency test. Contact your care team when results raise a question about a treatment decision, an inherited cancer risk, or testing for relatives. Seek urgent care for new severe symptoms separately; genetic results should not delay help for breathing difficulty, heavy bleeding, severe pain or sudden neurological changes.

Ask which genes are included, what a positive, negative or uncertain result could mean, and whether the result may change treatment or screening. Ask who will discuss the report with you and whether relatives should consider counselling or testing.