What is an inactivated vaccine used for?

The vaccine contains a killed or otherwise inactive form of a virus or bacterium, or parts of it. These components give the immune system a safe target to recognise. Protection may develop after the recommended schedule, and some vaccines need follow-up doses because immune protection can reduce over time.

Inactivated vaccines are used in several preventive programmes. Examples include some vaccines for flu, hepatitis A, rabies, tetanus and typhoid. The exact product and schedule depend on age, previous doses, health conditions and travel plans.

Bring your vaccination record to an appointment and mention previous reactions, pregnancy, immune-system conditions, regular medicines and any planned travel. A clinician can check which vaccine fits your situation and whether more than one dose is needed.

After vaccination, mild soreness, tiredness or a short-lived fever can occur. Follow the aftercare advice given at the clinic, keep the record updated and attend any appointment for a further dose.

Seek urgent medical help for trouble breathing, swelling of the face or throat, widespread hives, fainting or sudden severe illness after vaccination. Contact a clinician promptly if fever is persistent, symptoms are worsening or you are concerned about a reaction.

Ask which infection the vaccine covers, how many doses are advised, what side effects to watch for and whether your medicines or health conditions alter the plan.