What is external beam radiotherapy done with?

A linear accelerator, often called a linac, creates high-energy radiation and shapes it into beams. The machine rotates around the treatment couch so beams can approach the target from planned directions. Imaging and computerised planning help the team position you and aim the dose at the treatment area while accounting for nearby organs.

The machine does not place radioactive material inside you. You are alone in the room during delivery, while the team watches and communicates with you. The radiation itself is delivered briefly during each visit, according to the schedule designed for your condition.

Planning may include an appointment for imaging, a comfortable position, and small marks or a mould to help you return to the same position. Wear clothing that allows access to the treatment area and follow instructions about skin products, medicines, food, and hydration.

Tell the radiation team about pregnancy or possible pregnancy, implanted devices, prior radiation, and any difficulty lying flat or holding a position. During treatment, stay still and use the call system if you feel unwell. The team can explain what you may notice and how to care for the treated skin.

Contact your radiotherapy team for worsening pain, blistering or broken skin, repeated vomiting, inability to drink, fever, or symptoms that prevent normal activity. Seek emergency care for severe breathing difficulty, sudden confusion, a seizure, or loss of consciousness. The urgency depends on the symptom and treated body area, so report new changes rather than waiting for the next visit.

Ask which machine and technique will be used, how the target and nearby organs are protected, how often treatment is scheduled, which side effects may appear early or later, and who to call outside appointment hours.