What happens if sunburn is not treated?

Sunburn is an inflammatory response to ultraviolet exposure. Redness and tenderness may intensify after exposure has ended. More severe burns can produce fluid-filled blisters, swelling, and peeling as damaged surface cells separate. Peeling is part of repair, but scratching or pulling it away can expose sensitive skin and raise the chance of irritation.

Repeated sunburn contributes to cumulative sun damage and can make uneven texture, fine lines, and pigment changes more noticeable over time. See [Sunburn](/conditions/sunburn/) and [Sun-Damaged Skin](/conditions/photoaging/) for related information.

Move out of direct sun, cool the skin with a clean damp cloth or a cool bath, and drink fluids. Apply a bland moisturiser while the skin is intact; [Emollient Therapy](/treatments/medical-dermatology/emollient-therapy/) may help reduce dryness and tightness. Do not pop blisters, peel loose skin, or apply ice directly. Loose clothing can reduce rubbing, and a pharmacist or clinician can advise on suitable pain relief.

Seek prompt medical advice for extensive blistering, severe swelling, worsening pain, fever, chills, vomiting, dizziness, confusion, or signs of dehydration. Get urgent help if a person is faint, confused, unable to drink, or has breathing difficulty. A clinician can assess severe burns and infection risk; redness, warmth, pus, or pain that worsens after initial improvement also deserves review.

Ask whether the burn needs examination, which moisturiser or pain medicine suits you, how to protect blistered areas, and when normal sun exposure can resume. If inflammation remains troublesome, ask whether treatment such as [Topical Corticosteroids](/treatments/medical-dermatology/topical-corticosteroids/) is appropriate.