What does abdominal swelling feel like with Wilms tumour?

A child may have a tummy that looks larger on one side or feels unusually firm. The swelling can be noticed while dressing, bathing, or holding the child, and it may not cause pain. Some children develop discomfort, reduced appetite, nausea, constipation, or a feeling of fullness after small amounts of food. The appearance and texture vary, so touch alone cannot identify the cause.

Wilms tumour develops in kidney tissue and can enlarge within the abdomen. Other conditions can also cause a swollen or firm tummy, including constipation or infection. A clinician needs to examine the child and may arrange imaging to understand what is happening.

Arrange a medical assessment promptly for a new, persistent, or growing abdominal swelling. Do not press, massage, or repeatedly examine a suspected mass. Note when it was first seen, whether it changes during the day, and any related symptoms such as vomiting, blood in the urine, fever, or changes in eating and passing stool. Bring these observations to the appointment.

Seek urgent medical help if the child has severe or rapidly worsening pain, repeated vomiting, marked drowsiness, difficulty breathing, fainting, blood in the urine, or a belly that becomes suddenly more swollen. Contact emergency services for collapse or breathing difficulty. A swollen abdomen deserves assessment even when the child seems otherwise comfortable.

Ask what examination or imaging is needed, whether the kidney area can be felt safely, which symptoms should prompt same-day help, and how to keep the child comfortable while assessment is arranged.