What causes heel spur?

A spur is an outgrowth of bone, commonly on the underside of the heel or at the back where the Achilles tendon attaches. Repeated loading can irritate the plantar fascia or tendon and encourage bone formation over time. The spur itself may not be the source of pain; inflamed soft tissue around it often explains symptoms.

Contributors include long periods of standing, running or jumping, tight calf muscles, reduced foot flexibility, and shoes that do not support your activity. Body structure and previous foot strain can also alter how force travels through the heel.

Reduce activities that sharply increase heel pain for a short period, while keeping gentle movement that feels manageable. Supportive shoes, a cushioned insole, and gradual calf and plantar-fascia stretches may reduce load. A physiotherapist can check walking mechanics, ankle movement, footwear, and exercise technique before suggesting a tailored programme.

If symptoms persist, a clinician may examine the foot and consider imaging when the diagnosis is uncertain or another cause needs to be excluded. Treatment usually focuses on the irritated tissue and contributing mechanics rather than removing the spur automatically.

Arrange an assessment if heel pain keeps returning, limits normal walking, or does not settle after reducing aggravating activity. Seek prompt care after a significant injury, or if the heel is markedly swollen, red, hot, numb, or difficult to bear weight on.

Ask whether the pain appears to come from the plantar fascia, Achilles attachment, or another structure; which activities should be modified; and whether you need physiotherapy, imaging, or an evaluation of your footwear.