What are the treatment options for vitiligo?

Vitiligo causes areas of skin to lose pigment. A dermatologist considers where the patches are, how extensive they are, whether new areas are appearing and whether pigment is beginning to return. The aim may be repigmentation, slowing active change or making colour differences less noticeable.

Topical corticosteroids and topical calcineurin inhibitors are applied to selected areas. Narrowband UVB phototherapy treats broader or multiple areas, while excimer laser therapy can focus light on smaller patches. JAK inhibitor treatment may be suitable for selected patients after a medical review. Melanocyte transplant is a procedure option for carefully selected stable patches.

Arrange a dermatology assessment before starting treatment, because the location and activity of vitiligo affect the choice. Use sun protection on depigmented skin, avoid deliberate tanning and protect areas that burn easily. Keep photographs in consistent lighting so changes can be discussed accurately.

Your clinician may recommend one treatment or combine approaches over time. Topical medicines require a clear application schedule and monitoring for irritation. Phototherapy requires repeated visits and eye protection when instructed. Procedures such as melanocyte transplant involve preparation, healing and follow-up, so ask how the treated site will be cared for.

Seek a dermatology review if pale patches are spreading, new areas appear, hair within a patch turns white or the diagnosis has not been confirmed. Early assessment helps document the pattern and identify other causes of light-coloured skin.

Contact your treatment team for blistering, marked burning, infection-like drainage or a strong reaction after a topical medicine or light session. Urgent care is appropriate for rapidly worsening swelling or breathing symptoms after any treatment.

Ask whether your vitiligo is active or stable, which areas are realistic targets, how long a treatment trial should continue and what monitoring is needed. If discussing JAK inhibitor treatment or melanocyte transplant, ask about eligibility, preparation and follow-up.