What are the treatment options for upper tract urothelial cancer?

Upper tract urothelial cancer begins in the lining of the renal pelvis or ureter. Doctors assess scans, urine or tissue findings, the tumour’s position, whether it has invaded nearby tissue, and how well each kidney works.

Kidney removal surgery may remove the affected kidney and ureter when a wider operation is needed. In selected cases, chemotherapy is given before or after surgery, or used when disease cannot be managed with surgery alone. Preserving kidney function matters because it can affect later treatment choices.

Bring previous scan reports, medicine lists and information about kidney problems. Ask how much kidney tissue may be removed, how the remaining kidney will be monitored, and whether chemotherapy is advised before or after surgery.

Discuss hydration, pain control, urinary changes, time away from work and who to contact outside appointments. A second specialist opinion may help when surgery or treatment timing is difficult to decide.

Contact your care team promptly for inability to pass urine, heavy blood in the urine, fever with urinary symptoms, severe flank pain, persistent vomiting, or signs of dehydration. After treatment, reduced urine output or sudden swelling also needs assessment.

Where is the tumour and has it reached nearby tissue or lymph nodes? What operation is recommended, and how will kidney function be protected? Would chemotherapy before or after surgery help? What symptoms should trigger urgent contact?