What are the treatment options for peptic ulcer?

A peptic ulcer is a break in the lining of the stomach or upper small intestine. Treatment depends on its location, symptoms, bleeding risk, and cause. Acid-reducing treatment allows the lining to heal and can lessen burning or upper-abdominal discomfort. Your clinician may review anti-inflammatory pain medicines, smoking, alcohol, and other factors that can delay healing.

If Helicobacter pylori is suspected, an [H. Pylori Breath Test](/treatments/diagnostics-and-screening/h-pylori-breath-test/) may be used. A confirmed infection is treated with a combination of medicines, including [Antibiotic Treatment](/treatments/medical-management/antibiotic-treatment/). Follow the complete course and attend any recommended follow-up.

Arrange a clinical review for ongoing upper-abdominal pain, indigestion, or recurrent symptoms. Take prescribed [Acid Reflux Medication](/treatments/medical-management/acid-reflux-medication/) exactly as directed, and check before using anti-inflammatory painkillers. Avoid smoking and alcohol while healing, and mention black stools, vomiting, weight change, or difficulty swallowing to the clinician.

Seek emergency care for vomiting blood, black or tar-like stools, sudden severe abdominal pain, fainting, marked weakness, or a swollen and rigid abdomen. These may indicate bleeding or a perforation and require immediate assessment.

Ask what caused the ulcer, whether H. pylori testing is needed, how long acid reduction should continue, which pain medicines are suitable, and whether follow-up testing is required.