What are the treatment options for nasopharyngeal cancer?

The nasopharynx is the upper part of the throat behind the nose. Because of its position near the skull base, eyes, ears, nerves and brain, treatment is planned from scans, a biopsy and examination findings. Radiotherapy can treat the primary tumour and nearby lymph-node regions without an operation through the face.

Chemotherapy uses medicines that travel through the bloodstream. It may be given before, during or after radiotherapy to shrink disease, strengthen local treatment or address cancer cells beyond the treated area. The sequence depends on stage, tumour features, kidney and hearing health, blood counts and general fitness.

Arrange dental assessment before radiotherapy when advised, and discuss nutrition, hearing, kidney function, fertility and medicines with the team. During care, report mouth soreness, difficulty swallowing, reduced hearing, ringing in the ears, dehydration or fever early. Learn more about [Radiotherapy](/treatments/radiation-oncology/radiotherapy/) and [Chemotherapy](/treatments/systemic-therapy/chemotherapy/).

Call the treatment team urgently for fever, inability to keep fluids down, severe swallowing difficulty, reduced urine, unusual bleeding or sudden hearing or vision changes. Emergency care is appropriate for severe breathing difficulty, confusion, collapse or symptoms of a serious allergic reaction during an infusion.

What is the goal of each treatment? Why is this sequence recommended? How will hearing, kidney function, nutrition and blood counts be monitored? Which side effects need a same-day call?