What are the treatment options for basal cell carcinoma?

Basal cell carcinoma is a skin cancer that can grow into nearby tissue. A biopsy or examination helps confirm the diagnosis and identify features that guide treatment. The clinician considers the tumour's location, size, borders, depth, subtype, previous treatment, and the amount of healthy tissue that can be preserved. Lesions near the eyes, nose, lips, ears, or other structurally important areas may need particularly careful planning.

Surgical excision removes the tumour with a planned margin and is commonly used when the lesion can be removed directly. Mohs surgery removes the tumour in stages while checking the edges during the procedure, which can help preserve healthy tissue in selected sites. Imiquimod is a prescription cream for carefully selected superficial lesions. Photodynamic therapy uses a light-activated medicine for suitable surface disease. Radiotherapy may be considered when surgery is unsuitable or when additional local control is needed. Skin cancer surgery or tumour removal surgery may describe a broader operative plan.

Arrange a prompt skin assessment for a sore that does not heal, bleeds easily, develops a recurring crust, or changes in size or appearance. Do not wait for pain: basal cell carcinoma can be subtle. After treatment, report persistent bleeding, increasing redness, wound separation, fever, or a new changing lesion near the treated area.

Ask how the diagnosis was confirmed, why one procedure or medicine fits the lesion's site and subtype, how much skin may be removed, what wound care involves, and how follow-up will check the treated area and the rest of your skin.