What are the symptoms of transient ischaemic attack?

Symptoms usually begin suddenly because blood flow to part of the brain is briefly disrupted. One side of the face, arm, or leg may feel weak or numb; speech may sound unclear or words may be difficult to find. A person may lose vision in one eye, see blurred or double, feel dizzy, or struggle with balance and coordination. The episode may clear, but its temporary nature does not make it harmless and the cause cannot be confirmed from symptoms alone.

Call emergency services immediately if these symptoms occur, even if they improve before help arrives. Record when they started and when they stopped, keep the person supervised, and do not give food, drink, or medicines unless advised by emergency professionals. Risk factors such as [Atrial Fibrillation](/conditions/atrial-fibrillation/) and [Hypertension](/conditions/hypertension/) should be reviewed after urgent assessment.

Sudden [Numbness and Tingling](/symptoms/numbness-and-tingling/), [Slurred Speech](/symptoms/slurred-speech/), [Weakness on One Side](/symptoms/weakness-on-one-side/), facial drooping, or new vision loss needs emergency help now. Do not wait for a routine appointment, arrange a later review, or assume the event was a migraine or low blood sugar without assessment.

Ask which tests were done, what may have caused the episode, and how to reduce the chance of another event. Discuss whether [Blood Pressure Medication](/treatments/medical-management/blood-pressure-medication/) or [Statin Therapy](/treatments/medical-management/statin-therapy/) is suitable, and how follow-up will address your individual risks.