What are the symptoms of prostatitis?

Prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate. Urinary symptoms may include needing to pass urine often, a sudden urge to go, a weak or interrupted stream, straining, or a feeling that the bladder has not emptied. Pain can be felt between the scrotum and anus, in the lower abdomen, lower back, penis, scrotum or testicles. Some people notice discomfort during or after ejaculation. Acute infection can bring fever, chills, body aches, nausea or marked tiredness. Longer-lasting prostatitis may cause recurring pelvic discomfort and urinary trouble without fever.

These symptoms can overlap with a urinary tract infection and other urinary or prostate conditions. The symptom pattern alone cannot identify the cause, so an assessment may include questions about timing, a physical examination and urine testing.

Arrange a GP consultation if urinary pain, frequency, urgency or pelvic discomfort persists, returns, or interferes with sleep and daily activities. Note when symptoms began, whether they are worsening, any fever or chills, and whether you can pass urine. Drink enough fluid for your usual needs, unless a clinician has advised fluid restriction. Do not use leftover antibiotics: treatment depends on the cause, and antibiotic treatment is not suitable for every form of prostatitis.

Seek urgent medical care if you cannot pass urine, or if urinary symptoms come with fever, shaking chills, vomiting, confusion, severe pain or feeling suddenly very unwell. Prompt assessment is also needed for visible blood in the urine, especially when it is new or accompanied by pain. A severe infection can worsen quickly and may need treatment without delay.

Ask what may be causing your symptoms, whether urine testing is needed, and which warning signs should prompt immediate review. You can also ask whether your symptoms fit prostatitis, a urinary tract infection, or another prostate problem, and what symptom relief is appropriate while the diagnosis is being clarified.