What are the symptoms of patellar dislocation?

The kneecap may move to the outer side of the knee after a twist, fall or direct impact, and the knee can look visibly out of place. Pain is often immediate, with rapid swelling and difficulty standing or bending. Some people describe a pop, catching or the knee giving way. Even if the kneecap moves back by itself, the supporting tissues can remain injured; Knee Cartilage Injury may also occur. A clinician can check alignment, circulation, movement and associated damage.

Stop the activity and keep the knee still in the position that feels safest. Do not force the kneecap back or repeatedly test the joint. Arrange urgent medical assessment, particularly when there is Visible Deformity After Injury, marked swelling or inability to walk. After assessment, a Knee Bracing plan or Physiotherapy may support protection, movement and muscle control. Recurrent instability needs a discussion about the causes and whether MPFL Reconstruction is appropriate.

Seek emergency care for a kneecap that remains displaced, a cold or numb foot, severe swelling, uncontrolled pain, an open wound, or inability to move the toes. Prompt assessment is also needed after a first episode or when the knee repeatedly gives way, because a seemingly settled kneecap can still have internal injury.

Did the kneecap fully dislocate or briefly shift? Is there cartilage or ligament damage? How long should the knee be protected, and which exercises restore control safely? What would make recurrent instability more likely, and when should surgery be considered?