What are the symptoms of food poisoning?

Food poisoning follows exposure to germs or toxins in contaminated food or drink. Symptoms often centre on the digestive system, with loose stools, nausea, vomiting and cramping. Fever, chills, headache or tiredness may accompany them. The timing can vary depending on the cause, so the last meal is not always the source.

The main immediate concern is fluid and salt loss. Repeated vomiting or diarrhoea can make it hard to drink enough and may lead to dehydration, particularly in young children, older adults and people with other health conditions.

Take frequent small sips of water or an oral rehydration solution. Continue light foods when you can tolerate them, and rest. Wash hands carefully and avoid preparing food for others while unwell. A GP consultation can help if symptoms are severe, prolonged or affecting someone vulnerable. IV fluid therapy may be considered when dehydration cannot be corrected by drinking.

Seek urgent care for confusion, fainting, very little urine, severe weakness, blood in the stool or vomit, severe abdominal pain, or inability to keep fluids down. Get medical advice for a high or persistent fever, worsening diarrhoea, or symptoms in a baby, older person or someone with significant medical problems.

Ask how to replace fluids, whether your medicines need adjustment during vomiting or diarrhoea, and which warning signs should bring you back. Mention recent travel, shared meals and anyone else who became ill.