What are the symptoms of an elbow dislocation?

A dislocation occurs when the bones forming the elbow are forced out of their normal alignment, often after a fall or collision. The joint can appear visibly misshapen, and movement may be extremely limited. Swelling and bruising may develop quickly. [Elbow Stiffness](/symptoms/elbow-stiffness/) commonly follows the injury, but early severe pain and deformity are more urgent features. Numbness, tingling, or weakness in the hand can indicate irritation of nearby nerves or a circulation problem. A dislocation may occur with a fracture or other soft-tissue injury, so it requires medical assessment rather than home manipulation.

Keep the arm still in the position you found it and support it with a sling or folded clothing. Remove rings and watches if possible before swelling increases. Do not try to push the elbow back into place, straighten it, or test the joint. Arrange emergency assessment after any injury with severe pain, deformity, or loss of movement. A clinician may use [Closed Reduction](/treatments/trauma-and-fracture-care/closed-reduction/) after checking the nerves, circulation, and bones. Rehabilitation and [Physiotherapy](/treatments/physiotherapy-and-rehabilitation/physiotherapy/) can be considered after the joint is safely treated.

A suspected dislocated elbow needs urgent medical care. Call emergency services if the hand is cold, pale, blue, numb, or weak, if there is heavy bleeding, or if bone is visible. Keep checking the fingers while waiting and report any change. Do not give food or drink if emergency treatment may be needed, unless instructed otherwise. Prompt treatment helps clinicians assess associated injuries and restore safe alignment while protecting the arm's nerves and blood vessels.

Ask: Are the nerves and circulation to my hand intact? Is there a fracture as well as the dislocation? What support should I wear after reduction? Which movements are restricted, and when will therapy begin? What symptoms after discharge should bring me back urgently?