What are the symptoms of acid reflux?

Heartburn is a burning feeling behind the breastbone that may move toward the throat. Acid or food can come back up, leaving a sour or bitter taste. Some people notice excessive burping, bloating, or indigestion after meals.

Reflux reaching the throat may cause a hoarse voice, frequent throat clearing, hiccups, or a cough. Symptoms can be worse after a large meal, when bending over, or when lying down. Difficulty swallowing is not something to ignore because it may need assessment.

Notice which meals, drinks, or positions trigger symptoms. Smaller meals, staying upright after eating, and avoiding food close to bedtime may help. Raising the head of the bed can reduce night-time symptoms; extra pillows alone may not keep the upper body raised.

A pharmacist can advise whether a short course of an antacid or acid-reducing medicine is suitable. Arrange a clinician review when symptoms recur, interfere with sleep, or need frequent self-treatment. Treatment may need to address the underlying reflux rather than only the burning.

Seek urgent help for chest pain with sweating, nausea, faintness, or shortness of breath, because heart problems can feel similar to heartburn. Arrange prompt review for difficulty swallowing, painful swallowing, vomiting blood, black stools, persistent vomiting, unexplained weight loss, or symptoms that keep returning despite treatment.

Could these symptoms be acid reflux or another condition? Do I need an examination or testing? Which changes and medicines fit my symptoms? What should I do if swallowing becomes difficult or symptoms wake me at night?