What are the first signs of peripheral arterial disease?

Peripheral arterial disease develops when narrowed arteries reduce blood flow to the limbs. A typical early pattern is discomfort in the calf, thigh or buttock that starts with activity and eases after resting. One foot may feel colder, look paler or have less hair, and toenails may grow slowly. Some people have few symptoms, so risk factors and examination findings also matter.

Book a GP assessment for repeat leg pain when walking, unexplained foot changes or a sore that is slow to heal. Note which activity brings on symptoms and how quickly they settle. A clinician may check pulses, skin temperature and blood pressure, and may arrange circulation testing. Support for stopping nicotine and treatment of cholesterol or other vascular risks may be discussed.

Seek urgent care for sudden severe limb pain, a cold or pale foot, new numbness or weakness, or a wound with spreading redness or fever. Pain in a leg or foot at rest, particularly at night, also needs prompt assessment because it can indicate more advanced circulation problems.

Ask whether your walking pain could reflect reduced circulation, what tests are appropriate, and how exercise should be planned safely. Ask about nicotine support, cholesterol management and foot-care precautions.