What are the first signs of hepatitis B?

Hepatitis B is a viral infection of the liver. Early symptoms, when present, can feel like a nonspecific illness: fatigue, reduced appetite, nausea, or discomfort may appear. Dark urine and yellowing of the skin or eyes can develop as liver inflammation affects bile handling. A person can carry or transmit the virus without feeling ill, so absence of symptoms does not exclude infection.

Blood tests can check for hepatitis B markers and assess liver function. Testing is especially relevant after a possible exposure, during pregnancy, or when a clinician identifies liver abnormalities.

Arrange prompt medical advice if symptoms fit, if you may have been exposed through blood or sexual contact, or if you have a new liver test abnormality. Do not share razors, toothbrushes, or needles, and use condoms until a clinician explains your status. Avoid alcohol while liver inflammation is being assessed.

Get urgent medical help for confusion, severe drowsiness, repeated vomiting, severe abdominal pain, bleeding, or rapidly deepening jaundice. A possible recent exposure may also need same-day advice because preventive treatment can be time-sensitive.

Ask which hepatitis B blood tests you need, when to repeat testing after an exposure, whether household or sexual contacts need vaccination, and how your liver function should be monitored.