What should you know about viruses that cause fever and rash?

Viral illnesses may cause a widespread or localised rash as the immune response develops. [Chickenpox](/conditions/chickenpox/) often produces itchy spots that change over time, while [Croup](/conditions/croup/) mainly affects the upper airway and may cause a barking cough. A rash can also result from a non-viral problem such as [Cellulitis](/conditions/cellulitis/), particularly when one area is painful, hot and spreading. Fever with rash may accompany [COVID-19](/conditions/covid-19/) or a common cold, but symptoms overlap.

Rest, drink regularly and keep the room comfortably cool. Note when the fever and rash began, whether the rash blanches when pressed, and whether it is itchy, painful, blistered or spreading. Avoid sharing towels and close contact with vulnerable people until a clinician advises on possible contagious infection. Do not scratch open spots; keep nails short and use only age-appropriate medicines as directed.

Get urgent help for a rash that does not fade under pressure, purple or bleeding-looking spots, facial swelling, breathing difficulty, stiff neck, severe headache, confusion, seizure, or a child who is difficult to wake. Seek prompt review when fever persists, the person is drinking poorly, urine becomes much less frequent, or the rash is rapidly worsening. Travel or animal exposure should be mentioned because [Brucellosis](/conditions/brucellosis/) can present with fever.

Ask whether the rash needs same-day examination, how to reduce discomfort safely, and how long to avoid school, work or close contact. Show photographs if the rash changes before the appointment and mention new medicines, travel and sick contacts.