What should you know about uninfected bartholin cyst?

Bartholin glands sit on either side of the vaginal opening and help provide moisture. If a gland duct becomes blocked, fluid can collect and form a cyst. An uninfected cyst may feel like a smooth, one-sided lump and may cause pressure or discomfort when walking, sitting, or having sex. Infection can change the picture: increasing pain, warmth, redness, swelling, pus, or fever may indicate an abscess rather than a simple cyst. A new lump that does not settle should be examined because other vulval conditions can look similar.

Arrange a non-urgent appointment if the lump persists, interferes with daily activities, or returns. A warm, shallow bath may ease discomfort for some people; keep the area clean and dry, and avoid squeezing or trying to drain the cyst yourself. Wear loose clothing if friction worsens symptoms. A clinician can decide whether observation is suitable or whether drainage and a small opening to reduce recurrence should be considered.

Seek same-day medical advice for rapidly increasing pain or swelling, fever, feeling unwell, spreading redness, or difficulty walking or urinating. Seek urgent care for severe pain, faintness, or rapidly worsening symptoms. Anyone with a new Bartholin-area lump after menopause should arrange an examination even if it is not painful.

Ask whether the lump has features of a cyst or abscess, whether an examination or sample is needed, how long observation is reasonable, and what treatment would suit a recurring cyst. Ask how to manage pain and which changes should prompt an earlier review.