Types of Paronychia

Acute paronychia develops quickly beside one nail. The skin may become red, swollen, tender, and warm, sometimes with a pocket of pus. A small break from a hangnail, biting, manicure, or minor injury can let germs enter.

Chronic paronychia lasts or returns over time, often affecting several nails. Repeated wet work, irritants, or inflammation can weaken the nail fold. The cuticle may recede, and the nail can develop ridges or changes in shape. Yeast can contribute; see Skin Yeast Infection for related information.

Keep the area clean and dry, avoid picking or cutting the cuticle, and protect hands from detergents with suitable gloves. Do not pierce or squeeze a swollen nail fold yourself. A clinician may recommend treatment for infection, including Antibiotics For Skin Infection when appropriate, or Abscess Drainage if a collection of pus needs release.

Arrange medical assessment if pain, swelling, or pus is worsening; redness is spreading; the fingertip becomes very tense; or the nail is lifting or changing markedly. Seek prompt care if you feel unwell, have reduced immune defenses, or cannot bend the finger comfortably.

Ask whether the pattern is acute or chronic, whether pus is present, what may be irritating the nail fold, and how to protect it during washing or work.