What should you know about types of amniocentesis?

The procedure itself involves guiding a fine needle through the abdomen, using ultrasound, to collect amniotic fluid. The sample can be tested for chromosome conditions, selected genetic conditions, or other questions identified during pregnancy. The laboratory may use a rapid analysis, a more detailed chromosome analysis, or a targeted test; the choice depends on the reason for testing and the sample available.

Amniocentesis is diagnostic, whereas NIPT analyses DNA in a blood sample and is a screening test. Chorionic Villus Sampling takes placental tissue and can answer some genetic questions earlier, but it is a different procedure. Your clinician can explain which result each test can and cannot provide.

Ask what prompted the offer, what conditions are being assessed, how results will be reported, and how long each result may take. Discuss the procedure, possible discomfort, aftercare, and the small procedure-related risks. Consider who you would like with you and what support you might want while waiting. The Amniocentesis page gives further procedural context.

Follow the clinic's instructions and contact the maternity team for increasing abdominal pain, fever, fluid leaking from the vagina, heavy bleeding, contractions, or feeling unwell after amniocentesis. Ask before returning to strenuous activity, and use the emergency number provided by your service if symptoms are severe or rapidly worsening.

Ask which analysis will be performed, whether further testing may be needed, and what an uncertain or abnormal result could mean. Clarify when results arrive, who will explain them, and what choices or support would follow each possible result.