Types of allergy medicine

Antihistamines reduce the effect of histamine, a chemical involved in sneezing, itching, watery eyes and a runny nose. Some can cause drowsiness, while others are less likely to do so; check the label and ask a pharmacist if you drive or take other medicines.

Steroid nasal sprays reduce inflammation inside the nose and can help persistent blocked or runny nose symptoms. They work best when used regularly and with the correct technique. Allergy eye drops may soothe itchy, watery eyes, while saline rinses can wash irritants from the nose.

Match the treatment to the affected area: an oral medicine may help several symptoms, whereas a nasal spray or eye drop targets one area directly. Avoid combining products with the same active ingredient. Read age warnings, pregnancy advice and directions, and ask a pharmacist about medicines if you have glaucoma, prostate symptoms, high blood pressure or another long-term condition.

Reducing exposure can support treatment. Keep windows closed when outdoor pollen is high, wash your face after time outside, and address known triggers such as dust mites or pets. For persistent symptoms, discuss whether allergic rhinitis or allergic conjunctivitis needs assessment.

Seek urgent help for swelling of the lips, tongue or throat, trouble breathing, faintness or rapidly spreading hives after an exposure. Arrange medical advice when symptoms keep returning, disturb sleep, affect work, or do not improve with correctly used pharmacy treatment. Wheezing or severe throat tightness needs prompt assessment.

Ask which symptom is being targeted, how long to try the treatment, and whether a nasal spray, eye drop or tablet fits your pattern. Also ask about drowsiness, interactions, technique and what to do if symptoms return.