Treatment for Dry Hair and Scalp

Hair becomes dry when its outer surface loses smoothness or moisture, often after heat, colouring, chemical processing, sun or friction. Scalp symptoms are different: itching, flakes, redness, greasy scale or soreness can point toward [Dandruff](/conditions/dandruff/) or [Seborrheic Dermatitis](/conditions/seborrheic-dermatitis/). Washing too harshly or using irritating products can aggravate either problem.

The scalp can feel oily while the lengths feel dry, especially when natural oil does not spread down longer hair. That combination should not be treated by applying heavy products directly to a flaky scalp without identifying the cause.

Use a mild shampoo on the scalp and conditioner through the lengths. Rinse thoroughly, limit very hot water and reduce heat styling, tight styles and repeated chemical treatments. Avoid scratching flakes, because broken skin can become more sore and irritated.

If flakes or itch continue, ask a clinician whether [Medicated Shampoo Treatment](/treatments/medical-dermatology/medicated-shampoo-therapy/) is suitable and how long to leave it on. Keep hair products away from irritated skin when possible, and stop any product that causes burning or a new rash.

Arrange a dermatology assessment for persistent scaling, intense itch, redness, crusting, sores, scalp pain, patchy hair loss or symptoms that return despite appropriate washing. Seek prompt care for rapidly spreading redness, pus, fever or significant swelling. A clinician can distinguish dandruff from other scalp disorders that need different treatment.

Are my symptoms more consistent with dry hair, [Dandruff](/conditions/dandruff/) or [Seborrheic Dermatitis](/conditions/seborrheic-dermatitis/)? Which shampoo should I use, how often and how long should it stay on the scalp? Which signs mean I should return for a review?