The menopause hub: what to know

Menopause is the stage when menstrual periods stop because ovarian hormone production changes. The transition can affect bleeding patterns, temperature control, sleep, mood, sexual wellbeing, and vaginal comfort. Hot flushes and night sweats are common experiences, but symptoms vary widely.

Periods can become irregular before stopping. Vaginal dryness may cause soreness or discomfort during sex, while mood changes or low sex drive can affect relationships and confidence. Symptoms may overlap with other conditions, so persistent or troubling changes should not be self-diagnosed.

Track bleeding, sleep, flushes, mood, and triggers so you can describe patterns at an appointment. Light clothing, a cooler bedroom, regular movement, balanced meals, and reducing personal triggers may make daily symptoms easier to manage.

Discuss treatment choices with a clinician, including options for vaginal symptoms, sleep disruption, mood concerns, and flushes. Lubricants or moisturisers may help dryness; persistent pain, urinary symptoms, or sexual difficulties deserve targeted advice rather than silent discomfort.

Arrange medical review for bleeding after periods have stopped, bleeding that is unusually heavy, severe pelvic pain, or symptoms that interfere with sleep, work, or relationships. Seek urgent care for sudden severe pain, fainting, or heavy bleeding with weakness. A clinician can also check symptoms that begin unusually early or change abruptly.

Ask whether your symptoms fit menopause, what treatment options match your health history, how to manage vaginal or sleep symptoms, and which bleeding changes need investigation.