Swelling around the anus during pregnancy

Haemorrhoids are swollen blood vessels around the anus. Pregnancy can increase pressure in this area, while constipation and straining can make swelling, itching, soreness or bright-red bleeding worse. A tender lump may be an external haemorrhoid, sometimes with a clot inside it, but other skin problems can look similar.

Anal swelling is not a typical form of general pregnancy oedema. A clinician should assess severe, persistent or unusual symptoms rather than assuming they are haemorrhoids. Tell your maternity team about any bleeding so they can consider its amount, colour and source.

Aim for softer stools by drinking normally, eating fibre-rich foods and moving gently as your pregnancy allows. Avoid pushing or sitting on the toilet for a long time. Clean with water or unscented products, pat dry, and consider a wrapped cool pack briefly if it feels soothing.

Do not use creams, suppositories, laxatives or pain medicines without checking that they are suitable during pregnancy. A pharmacist, midwife or doctor can recommend an option based on your symptoms and stage of pregnancy. Mention the swelling if constipation continues despite these measures.

Arrange prompt medical advice for persistent bleeding, a rapidly enlarging lump, severe or worsening pain, fever, pus, dark stools, dizziness or weakness. Seek urgent help for heavy bleeding, fainting, severe abdominal pain, chest pain or sudden breathlessness. These signs need assessment rather than treatment at home.

Ask whether the swelling looks like a haemorrhoid, whether you need an examination, and which bowel-softening treatment is safe for you. Describe constipation, straining, bleeding, itching and pain, including whether a lump is hard or tender. Ask when to contact the maternity unit again if it does not improve.