Sunburn relief at home: practical steps

Ultraviolet exposure triggers inflammation in the skin. That response can cause redness, heat, soreness, itching and later peeling. Blisters indicate more substantial injury and need careful protection. Symptoms may become more noticeable after the exposure rather than immediately.

Home care is reasonable for a small, mild burn when you otherwise feel well. It should support healing, not hide symptoms that are getting worse. The Sunburn guide explains the condition and the Sun-Damaged Skin guide covers longer-term protection.

Cool the area with a damp cloth or cool running water, then gently pat it dry. Apply an unperfumed moisturiser or emollient to reduce dryness and tightness. Wear loose clothing, rest, and stay out of direct sunlight while the skin is tender. Keep blisters intact and cover them lightly if clothing will rub.

Avoid ice, hot baths, vigorous massage, exfoliation, fragranced products and home remedies that sting. Do not deliberately expose the burn to more sunlight to create a tan. If you need pain relief, follow the label and check with a pharmacist if you have a medical condition, take other medicines or are treating a child.

Contact a clinician for widespread blistering, severe pain, marked facial swelling, eye symptoms, signs of infection, or symptoms such as fever, faintness, confusion, vomiting or dehydration. A child, older adult or person with significant medical problems may need advice sooner, especially after a large exposure.

Ask what products are suitable for your skin, how to cover blisters, whether your medicines increase sun sensitivity, and how to resume outdoor activity safely. Ask for review if redness, tenderness or colour change continues instead of gradually easing.