How is stomach cancer detected?

A clinician reviews symptoms such as persistent upper-abdominal discomfort, difficulty swallowing, repeated vomiting, unexplained weight loss, tiredness or loss of appetite. These symptoms have many possible causes, including Helicobacter Pylori Infection, and do not by themselves establish cancer.

An upper endoscopy lets a specialist view the lining of the oesophagus, stomach and first part of the small intestine. Small tissue samples can be taken during the procedure. A laboratory examines the samples to identify abnormal cells and relevant tumour features. Imaging may show the location of a tumour and whether nearby areas need assessment.

Arrange a medical appointment if digestive symptoms persist, return repeatedly or interfere with eating. Take a clear list of medicines, previous stomach problems and family cancer history. Ask whether testing for Helicobacter Pylori is appropriate and what preparation is needed before an endoscopy.

If cancer is confirmed, the team combines the biopsy and scan findings to discuss options. Treatment can include surgery such as Stomach Removal Surgery, chemotherapy, HER2-Targeted Therapy or Immunotherapy, depending on the tumour’s features and extent.

Seek urgent medical help for vomiting blood, black or tar-like stools, fainting, severe weakness, intense abdominal pain or inability to keep fluids down. These signs can indicate bleeding or another acute problem and need prompt assessment, whether or not cancer is present.

Ask which test is recommended first, whether a biopsy will be taken, how results will be explained, and whether any medicines should be paused before testing. You can also ask what symptoms should prompt urgent help while you wait.