Stages of Menopause and Symptoms

During perimenopause, periods may become irregular, lighter or heavier as hormone levels fluctuate. Hot flushes, night sweats, mood changes, sleep problems, low sexual desire and vaginal dryness can begin before the final period. Menopause is identified after twelve consecutive months without a period when another cause has not been found. Postmenopause follows; some symptoms settle, while others continue. A symptom such as vaginal dryness can affect comfort during sex and urination. Pelvic pressure or a bulge is not simply a temperature symptom and may need assessment for pelvic organ prolapse.

Record your cycle pattern and symptoms, including triggers, sleep effects and impact on daily life. Wear removable layers, keep the bedroom cool and build a steady sleep routine if heat episodes disturb rest. Lubricants or moisturisers may ease vaginal discomfort. A clinician can review hormonal and non-hormonal treatments, taking account of your health history, medicines and preferences. Support for mood or sexual concerns is appropriate when symptoms affect relationships or wellbeing.

Seek medical advice for bleeding after menopause, bleeding that is unusually heavy, new pelvic pressure, persistent pain, or symptoms that are difficult to manage. Urgent help is needed for severe chest pain, marked breathing difficulty, fainting or sudden neurological symptoms. Do not assume every period change is menopause; pregnancy and other causes may need consideration.

Which symptoms are likely linked to menopause? Does my bleeding pattern need checking? What can help hot flushes or night sweats? Which options address vaginal dryness or low desire? Could pelvic pressure have another cause?