Keratosis pilaris and rash-like bumps

The bumps form when keratin, a skin protein, blocks hair follicles. They often appear symmetrically on the outer upper arms, thighs, cheeks or buttocks. Dry weather and rubbing can make the roughness or redness more noticeable. Keratosis pilaris is different from pus-filled spots and from an ingrown hair, which usually centres on a trapped hair and may be tender.

Use a gentle cleanser and apply an emollient soon after bathing. Products containing lactic acid, urea or salicylic acid may soften the plugs when used as directed. Introduce one active product at a time, stop if the skin burns or becomes markedly irritated, and avoid harsh scrubbing or picking. A dermatologist may discuss topical retinoids, a chemical peel or laser hair removal when the appearance or associated follicle problems are troublesome.

Arrange an assessment if bumps are painful, draining pus, suddenly spreading, very itchy, or unlike your usual pattern. Seek urgent care for facial swelling, breathing difficulty, widespread blistering or rapidly peeling skin. A clinician can confirm the diagnosis when redness, acne, folliculitis or another condition could look similar.

Do these bumps fit keratosis pilaris or another follicle condition? Which moisturising or exfoliating ingredient suits my skin? How often should I use it? What should I do if irritation develops?