Why skin looks dry and dull

Dryness removes some of the smooth surface reflection that makes skin look bright. Hot water, frequent washing, dry air, fragranced products and over-exfoliation can strip surface oils. Fine flaking, tightness and rough texture support dry skin, but appearance alone does not establish a diagnosis.

Asteatotic eczema can present with marked dryness and a cracked, lined surface. Atopic dermatitis may add itch, redness or recurring inflamed patches. Psoriasis can produce well-defined thickened areas with scale. Each condition needs a different treatment emphasis.

Wash with lukewarm water and a mild, fragrance-free cleanser, then pat rather than rub. Apply a thick moisturiser while skin is still slightly damp; creams and ointments generally hold moisture better than light lotions. Pause scrubs, acids and strongly scented products until the surface feels comfortable.

Emollient therapy can be adapted to the body area and the degree of scaling. Keep using it consistently even when the skin looks better, and introduce new products one at a time so irritation is easier to identify.

See a clinician if dryness persists despite regular moisturising, or if it comes with intense itch, redness, cracks, bleeding, pain, widespread scale or sleep disruption. Prompt assessment is sensible when a new rash spreads quickly or becomes infected-looking with increasing warmth, swelling or drainage.

Is this simple dry skin or could eczema or psoriasis explain the texture? Which moisturiser base suits my skin and climate? Should I stop any active product, and what symptoms would mean I need an earlier review?