Signs of an MCL sprain

An MCL sprain may cause pain along the inner knee, tenderness, swelling and a feeling that the knee is unstable after a sideways force. Turning, pivoting or walking on uneven ground may expose the problem.

The medial collateral ligament supports the inner side of the knee. A sudden force that pushes the knee inward can stretch or tear it. Pain may be local, while swelling can develop around the joint. A pop, locking, marked instability or pain in several parts of the knee can indicate additional injury and should be examined rather than assumed to be a simple sprain.

Stop the activity that caused the pain and avoid cutting, pivoting and contact play. Use support only as advised, keep swelling comfortable with elevation and a wrapped cold pack, and maintain gentle movement if it does not increase pain. [Physiotherapy](/treatments/physiotherapy-and-rehabilitation/physiotherapy/) can rebuild control and strength. [Kinesiology Taping](/treatments/physiotherapy-and-rehabilitation/kinesiology-taping/) may be considered as an adjunct, not a substitute for assessment.

Seek prompt assessment if the knee gives way, cannot fully straighten, swells quickly or prevents normal walking. Urgent care is appropriate after a major collision, for visible deformity, severe pain, numbness, or a cold or pale foot. Pain that remains after a short period of protection also merits a clinical review.

Does the inner-knee tenderness fit an MCL injury, and are other ligaments involved? What support is suitable for walking? Which exercises and return-to-sport milestones should I use?