Ringworm infection in the scalp: what to know

The infection affects the scalp and hair shafts rather than only the surface of the skin. You may notice round or irregular scaly patches, itch, tenderness, small black dots where hairs have broken, or swollen areas with crusting. It can spread through close contact and through shared combs, hats, pillows or sports equipment. A similar-looking rash can have another cause, so an examination may include checking the scalp and taking a small sample.

Arrange a dermatology or primary-care review, especially when hair is breaking or a child is affected. Scalp infection commonly needs an oral antifungal prescribed for the individual; creams alone may not reach the infected hair roots. A clinician may also recommend an antifungal shampoo to reduce spread, but shampoo does not replace the main treatment. Do not share hair tools, wash reusable items, and check close household contacts for symptoms. Learn more about [Ringworm](/conditions/ringworm/) and [Oral Antifungal Treatment](/treatments/medical-dermatology/oral-antifungal-therapy/).

Seek prompt medical care for painful swelling, pus, extensive crusting, fever, swollen neck glands, or rapidly enlarging patches. Get advice soon if hair loss is appearing, because inflammation around follicles can need specific treatment. Urgent help is appropriate if you feel very unwell or have swelling near the eyes.

Could this be scalp ringworm or another scalp condition? Do I need an oral medicine, a medicated shampoo, or both? Should household members or pets be checked? How should combs, bedding and headwear be cleaned?