How to reduce the risk of pre-eclampsia

Pre-eclampsia is a pregnancy complication involving high blood pressure and signs that organs are under strain. It can develop after the middle of pregnancy or after birth, and it may occur without obvious symptoms. Risk can be influenced by a previous pregnancy complication, high blood pressure, kidney disease, diabetes, autoimmune illness, or carrying more than one baby. Having a risk factor does not mean you will develop it; it means your care team may recommend closer monitoring or preventive treatment.

Book antenatal care early and attend blood-pressure and urine checks, even when you feel well. Tell your clinician about previous pregnancies, long-term conditions and every medicine or supplement you use. Ask whether prescribed low-dose aspirin or another plan is appropriate for you; do not begin it without medical advice. Keep appointments, follow treatment instructions, stay active as advised, and avoid smoking. An Antenatal Care Package can provide a structured way to monitor you and your baby.

Contact your maternity team urgently for a severe headache that does not settle, blurred vision or flashing lights, pain under the ribs, sudden swelling of the face or hands, marked shortness of breath, heavy vomiting or feeling very unwell. Reduced fetal movement also needs prompt maternity advice. Pre-eclampsia can worsen quickly and may first be found during a routine check, so do not wait for symptoms before attending scheduled care.

What risk factors apply to me? Do I need extra blood-pressure or urine checks? Is preventive medicine suitable? Which symptoms require same-day maternity assessment, and how will my birth plan change if pre-eclampsia develops?