Preterm rupture of membranes (PROM): what to know

The waters are the fluid-filled membranes around the baby. When they rupture before term, fluid can leak steadily or appear as a sudden wetness. This symptom can have other explanations, so avoid diagnosing it from appearance alone. Assessment may include questions about the leak, an examination, fluid testing, temperature checks, and monitoring of the baby's heart rate.

Preterm rupture can be associated with preterm labour, but contractions may not begin immediately. The care plan depends on gestational age, infection signs, bleeding, contractions, fluid findings, and the baby's condition.

Call your maternity unit as soon as possible, even if the leak is small or has stopped. Wear a clean pad and record the colour, odour, and approximate start time. Do not use tampons, douche, or have vaginal sex before you have been assessed.

Bring your pregnancy notes and tell the team about pain, bleeding, fever, allergies, and changes in movement. If the diagnosis is confirmed, follow instructions about observation, medicines, appointments, and activity. Read more about [Preterm Labour](/conditions/preterm-labour/) if contractions or pressure are also present.

Get urgent help for fever, chills, worsening abdominal tenderness, regular tightening, vaginal bleeding, foul-smelling or green fluid, or reduced fetal movement. If you see or feel the umbilical cord or a body part at the vaginal opening, call emergency services and lie down while waiting.

Ask what confirmed the fluid is amniotic fluid, how infection will be checked, how the baby will be monitored, and which symptoms mean you should return immediately. Ask what the possible timing and method of birth might be for your pregnancy.