Premature Labour Signs and Symptoms: What to Know

Preterm labour is labour that begins before the pregnancy reaches full term. Tightenings may feel like repeated cramps or a firming abdomen; pressure in the pelvis, a persistent low backache, increased discharge, a gush or trickle of fluid, and vaginal bleeding can also occur. Symptoms may be mild at first and can be difficult to distinguish from normal pregnancy discomfort.

A symptom does not confirm labour. The maternity team may assess contractions, the cervix, the membranes, infection signs, and the baby's wellbeing. Calling early gives the team time to decide what assessment and support are appropriate.

Contact your maternity unit immediately if you have repeated tightenings, fluid leakage, bleeding, or a persistent new ache before full term. Rest while waiting for instructions, note when symptoms began, and record how often tightenings occur. Do not drive yourself if you feel faint, have severe pain, or are bleeding heavily.

Take your maternity notes and medication list if asked to attend. Depending on the findings and timing, clinicians may discuss treatments such as antenatal corticosteroid injection or cervical cerclage in selected situations.

Seek urgent maternity care for suspected fluid leakage, vaginal bleeding, regular or painful contractions, severe abdominal or back pain, fever, or reduced baby movements. Call emergency services for heavy bleeding, fainting, severe pain, or a visible cord or body part. Do not wait for symptoms to become intense.

Ask how your symptoms will be checked, whether the cervix or membranes need assessment, how to monitor movements, and which treatments may be appropriate. Clarify the number to call at night and what changes require immediate return.