Predisposing factors of pre-eclampsia

Risk is higher when someone has had pre-eclampsia before or has chronic high blood pressure, kidney disease, diabetes or an autoimmune condition. A first pregnancy, a new partner after a previous pregnancy, a multiple pregnancy, assisted conception or a long gap between pregnancies may also affect the assessment. Age and family history can be relevant. Having a factor does not mean pre-eclampsia will develop, and it is possible without a recognised risk factor.

Tell your maternity team about previous pregnancies, diagnoses, family history and every medicine or supplement. Ask early whether you need additional blood pressure and urine checks or preventive medicine. Take prescribed treatment as directed and keep appointments even when you feel well. [Antenatal Care Package](/treatments/pregnancy-and-birth-care/antenatal-care-package/) visits help track changes over time. Learn the warning signs described on the [Pre-eclampsia](/conditions/pre-eclampsia/) page.

Get urgent maternity advice for a severe headache, flashing lights or blurred vision, severe upper abdominal pain, sudden swelling of the face or hands, breathlessness, feeling very unwell or reduced fetal movement. A high blood pressure reading should be reported promptly, especially with symptoms. Do not wait for the next routine appointment when warning signs appear.

Which of my health or pregnancy factors affect monitoring? Would prevention be suitable for me? How should I check blood pressure, and who should I contact outside clinic hours?