Polio explained in English

Many infections cause no clear symptoms or cause a short illness with fever, sore throat, nausea or tiredness. In some people, the virus reaches the nervous system. This may lead to severe muscle pain, stiffness, weakness or paralysis, sometimes affecting breathing muscles. The illness is not the same as ordinary muscle tiredness, and weakness that appears suddenly needs prompt assessment.

Vaccination is the main way to prevent polio. Check that children and adults with an uncertain record receive advice about routine or catch-up immunization. Wash hands with soap after toilet use and before handling food, use safe water, and avoid sharing food or drink with someone who is unwell. Childhood Immunisation explains routine protection.

Call emergency services for sudden weakness or loss of movement, difficulty breathing or swallowing, or rapidly worsening stiffness. Arrange prompt medical review for fever with marked muscle pain or weakness, especially after travel to an area where poliovirus is circulating or after contact with a suspected case.

Ask how polio is distinguished from other causes of weakness, whether testing or monitoring is needed, and how to confirm vaccination protection for household members.