How to soothe sunburn: what to know

Sunburn is an inflammatory response to ultraviolet injury. Skin may feel hot, tender, tight or itchy and look red; later it may peel. More intense injury can cause fluid-filled [Skin Blisters](/symptoms/skin-blisters/). Redness and tenderness can become clearer after the exposure rather than immediately.

Sunburned skin is vulnerable while it heals. Repeated exposure contributes to [Sun-Damaged Skin](/conditions/photoaging/), so a burn is a reason to improve shade, clothing and sunscreen habits after recovery.

Move out of the sun, take a cool shower or apply a cool damp cloth, and pat the skin dry. Use a bland moisturiser or [Emollient Therapy](/treatments/medical-dermatology/emollient-therapy/) while the skin is damp. Drink fluids, wear loose clothing and avoid peeling, popping blisters, scrubs, alcohol-based products and direct heat.

A pharmacist or clinician can advise on pain relief if it is suitable for you. Do not apply topical corticosteroids to a sunburn without professional advice; [Topical Corticosteroids](/treatments/medical-dermatology/topical-corticosteroids/) may have a specific role in selected inflammatory conditions, but treatment depends on the examination. Keep the area covered from further ultraviolet exposure until healed.

Seek prompt medical advice for extensive blistering, severe pain, marked swelling, fever, chills, vomiting, dizziness, confusion, fainting or signs of dehydration. Get urgent help for breathing difficulty or swelling of the face. Children, older adults and people with significant medical conditions may need earlier assessment. New or persistent [Skin Redness](/symptoms/skin-redness/) and [Peeling Skin](/symptoms/skin-peeling/) should be reviewed if they do not follow a typical healing pattern.

Ask whether the burn needs examination, which moisturiser and pain-relief options are suitable, how to care for blisters, and when you can return to outdoor activity. Mention medicines, allergies and any fever or dizziness.