How ovarian cancer is detected

The assessment starts with the pattern of symptoms, such as persistent bloating, pelvic pressure, abdominal pain, feeling full quickly, urinary changes, or unusual bleeding. These findings are not unique to cancer. A clinician may examine the abdomen and pelvis and consider other causes at the same time.

A Pelvic Ultrasound can show the ovaries, uterus, and nearby structures. Further scans may help map an abnormality. Blood tests can add information but are not a stand-alone diagnosis. When needed, tissue examination confirms the type of cells involved. The team then assesses how far disease has spread.

Record symptom onset, frequency, triggers, menstrual or menopausal status, appetite, bowel and bladder changes, and medicines. Bring previous scan reports and a family history of ovarian or breast cancer. Ask what each investigation is intended to answer and when results will be reviewed.

If an abnormality is found, ask whether observation, repeat imaging, specialist review, or tissue sampling is appropriate. A diagnosis leads to a separate discussion about treatment options, which may include surgery, chemotherapy, or a combination based on the findings.

Book a clinical review for symptoms that are persistent, recurrent, or different from your usual pattern. Seek urgent help for sudden severe abdominal or pelvic pain, fainting, a swollen painful abdomen, inability to pass urine, or repeated vomiting with dehydration.

Which possible causes are being considered? What can the scan show? Do I need a specialist referral or tissue test? When will results be explained? If cancer is confirmed, what further tests determine treatment?