What should you know about nappy rash care?

Nappy rash is irritation in skin covered by the nappy. Moisture, urine, stool, rubbing, diarrhoea and frequent wiping can damage the barrier. Redness may be smooth or patchy, and the skin can become sore, shiny or raw.

A rash that persists may need a different explanation, such as yeast overgrowth or another inflammatory condition. The appearance and location guide the assessment, but a photograph and history of recent products can be useful when the rash changes quickly.

Change wet or soiled nappies promptly. Clean with lukewarm water or a mild fragrance-free cleanser, then pat dry without rubbing. Let the skin air briefly when possible and apply a thin protective layer to dry skin. Wash hands before and after changes.

Avoid fragranced wipes, harsh soap, scrubbing and unnecessary product changes. If a clinician recommends [Emollient Therapy](/treatments/medical-dermatology/emollient-therapy/), follow the product directions. A rash with a moist, sharply defined or spreading pattern may need [Topical Antifungal Treatment](/treatments/medical-dermatology/topical-antifungal-therapy/) rather than barrier care alone; use it only with suitable advice.

Contact a healthcare professional if the rash is worsening, very painful, blistered, bleeding, oozing or associated with fever. Arrange a review when careful care is not helping or when the rash repeatedly returns. Emergency help is needed for breathing difficulty, facial swelling or a child who appears seriously unwell.

Ask what type of rash is present, which cleanser and barrier product fit your child's skin, and how to use any prescribed medicine. Tell the clinician about diarrhoea, antibiotics, new wipes, creams, detergents and changes in nappy brand.