My skin is super dry and flaky: what should I know?

Very dry skin loses water more quickly when its outer barrier is disturbed. Indoor air conditioning, heat, repeated washing, shaving, friction and fragranced products can all add to the problem. Asteatotic eczema may look cracked and craquelé-like. Atopic dermatitis often brings itch and inflamed areas, while psoriasis can cause sharply outlined, thicker scale. The same person may have more than one trigger.

Keep showers short and lukewarm, use a mild fragrance-free cleanser, and pat the skin dry. Apply an ointment or rich cream immediately afterward and repeat when the skin feels tight; regular emollient therapy helps reduce water loss. Choose soft clothing, avoid vigorous exfoliation and pause fragranced or active products. Treat hands after every wash and protect them from detergents with suitable gloves.

Arrange a review if the dryness is widespread, keeps returning, becomes intensely itchy, or does not settle with consistent care. Seek prompt attention for painful cracks, bleeding, pus, warmth, spreading redness or fever. A clinician can check whether an inflammatory condition is present and advise on prescription treatment or a safer routine for sensitive areas.

Could this be eczema, psoriasis or irritation rather than simple dryness? Which emollient should I use on my face, hands or body? How often should I apply it? What should I do if cracks bleed or become sore?